The Crisis of the Modern Treatments of Leadership 

Leadership is not a function of management. Leader qualities constitute an integral component of the arsenal of many non-managers, while a vast part of managers do not evince so skills at fulfilling their day-to-day tasks. Alike, leader should not be considered another self of manager making decision about what intent is right – as opposed to manager himself for whom there remains only to rightly carry out that intent. The working-out of goals as an element of planning is reckoned among the basic tasks of manager. The reverse side of the same coin is the portrayal of managers as formal leaders differing from “standard” (informal) ones merely in that they are vested with some formal power over personnel. However without a formal regulation of rights and duties, no complex order is feasible, and therefore any organization gets deprived of its hierarchical structure and turns into a primitive association. Thus, all the prevalent approaches to leadership fail as to exposing the nature of leadership and do not make for its clear understanding. Hence a pressing need for fresh theoretical ideas enabling to embrace leadership and management in a single view and to represent them as different but allied modes of influencing people arises. And the paper is just an attempt at filling this need.

Keywords: leadership, management, functions, forms of rule, methods of rule.